Operators

Arithmetic Operators

Operator Description Example
+ Addition a + b
- Subtraction a - b
* Multiplication a * b
/ Division a / b
% Modulo (remainder) a % b
gpc
int a = 10;
int b = 3;

int sum = a + b;      // 13
int diff = a - b;     // 7
int product = a * b;  // 30
int quotient = a / b; // 3
int remainder = a % b;// 1

Comparison Operators

Operator Description Example
== Equal to a == b
!= Not equal to a != b
< Less than a < b
> Greater than a > b
<= Less than or equal a <= b
>= Greater than or equal a >= b
gpc
int x = 5;

if (x == 5) { }    // true
if (x != 0) { }    // true
if (x < 10) { }    // true
if (x >= 5) { }    // true

Logical Operators

Operator Description Example
&& Logical AND a && b
^^ Logical XOR a ^^ b
|| Logical OR a || b
! Logical NOT !a
gpc
bool a = TRUE;
bool b = FALSE;

if (a && b) { }    // false
if (a ^^ b) { }    // true when exactly one side is true
if (a || b) { }    // true
if (!b) { }        // true

Short-circuit evaluation:

gpc
// Second condition not evaluated if first is false
if (get_val(BUTTON_9) && get_val(BUTTON_10)) { }

Bitwise Operators

Operator Description Example
& Bitwise AND a & b
| Bitwise OR a | b
^ Bitwise XOR a ^ b
~ Bitwise NOT ~a
<< Left shift a << n
>> Right shift a >> n
gpc
int flags = 0x0F;

int masked = flags & 0x03;   // 0x03
int combined = flags | 0xF0; // 0xFF
int toggled = flags ^ 0x0F;  // 0x00
int inverted = ~flags;       // Bitwise inverse of the integer value
int shifted_left = flags << 2;
int shifted_right = flags >> 2;

Assignment Operators

Operator Description Equivalent
= Assign a = b
+= Add and assign a = a + b
-= Subtract and assign a = a - b
*= Multiply and assign a = a * b
/= Divide and assign a = a / b
%= Modulo and assign a = a % b
&= AND and assign a = a & b
|= OR and assign a = a | b
^= XOR and assign a = a ^ b
<<= Left shift and assign a = a << b
>>= Right shift and assign a = a >> b
gpc
int x = 10;
x += 5;   // x = 15
x -= 3;   // x = 12
x *= 2;   // x = 24
x /= 4;   // x = 6

Increment/Decrement

Operator Description Example
++ Increment by 1 a++ or ++a
-- Decrement by 1 a-- or --a
gpc
int count = 0;
count++;    // count = 1
++count;    // count = 2
count--;    // count = 1

The conditional expression condition ? a : b is not supported. Use an if / else block to choose a value.

Operator Precedence

From highest to lowest:

Precedence Operators
1 () [] ++ -- (postfix)
2 ! ~ - + ++ -- (prefix)
3 * / %
4 + -
5 << >>
6 < <= > >=
7 == !=
8 &
9 ^
10 |
11 &&
12 ^^
13 ||
14 = += -= etc.

Use parentheses to clarify intent:

gpc
// Clearer with parentheses
int result = (a + b) * c;
bool check = (x > 0) && (y < 100);
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